What a UX/UI designer does
New Zealand's careers service says user experience designers design how websites and apps look and work, based on users' needs. It lists UX/UI designer and UI designer as other names. The UK's profile for UX designers lists tasks such as:
- working with user researchers to understand user needs
- designing and testing prototypes based on research
- writing clear guidelines for developers
- using evidence from research to refine designs
- making sure designs meet accessibility standards
- explaining design choices clearly to stakeholders
The UK government's role framework says an interaction designer works out the best way for users to use a service. That covers the overall flow and each design element.
Skills employers look for
The National Careers Service lists skills that an interview can test, including:
- design skills and knowledge
- complex problem-solving and analytical thinking
- being thorough and paying attention to detail
- persistence, and being flexible and open to change
- clear spoken communication
The UK framework adds designing for everyone, evidence-based design and iterative design. The US profile for web and digital interface designers lists user research to set design needs.
The interviews you may face
Each employer runs its own process. You may face some of these:
- A screening call about your experience. See our phone screen guide.
- A portfolio review, where you talk through two or three projects in depth.
- A design task, live or at home, such as improving a sign-up flow.
- A critique, where you give feedback on an existing app or website.
- A behavioural interview about working with researchers, developers and product managers.
For a take-home task, ask how long to spend. Show your thinking, not only the final screens. Our guide to take-home and work tests has more.
Your portfolio
The National Careers Service says a portfolio of your work will help. New Zealand's profile says you may need one. To make yours useful:
- Pick two or three projects, and show each one in depth.
- For each, show the problem, the users, your research, early ideas, testing and the result.
- Say what you did and what others did. Never show a team's work as yours alone.
- Show how you made it accessible, such as colour contrast or keyboard use.
- Remove anything private, or ask permission to show client work.
Questions that test each skill
These are themes, with sample wording. Real questions vary by employer.
- Research: "How do you find out what users need?"
- Evidence: "Tell me about a design you changed after testing it."
- Accessibility: "How do you make a design work for disabled users?"
- Working with developers: "How do you hand over a design so it gets built as planned?"
- Feedback: "A stakeholder dislikes your design. What do you do?"
- Visual design: "Talk me through the layout and type choices on this screen."
Answer "tell me about a time" questions with STAR: the situation, your task, the actions you took and the result. Our free STAR answer planner helps you shape each one.
What to prepare
- Study the employer's product, and note three things you would test.
- Rehearse each portfolio project in five minutes, then in fifteen.
- Prepare STAR stories about a test that changed a design, a disagreement and a tight deadline.
- Check the tools the ad names, and be honest about your level with each one.
An example answer about testing a design
Here is a made-up answer for a made-up person. Use it to see the shape of a strong answer, then tell your own true story.
Made-up example
Mei, a UX/UI designer applying to a bank
Question
Situation
Task
Action
- I watched five customers try to buy a book while they shared their screens.
- Four of them missed the delivery cost, which only showed on the last screen.
- I moved the cost into the basket and added a note about free delivery over $30.
- I tested the new design with five more people before handing it over.
- I wrote clear notes for the developer, including what each error message should say.
Result
Mei finds the problem by watching users, not guessing, and tests her fix before it ships. The result has numbers.
Questions
Do I need a degree to be a UX/UI designer?
Not always. New Zealand's profile lists a relevant qualification and a portfolio as things you may need. A strong portfolio shows what you can do.
Should I learn to code?
It can help. England's National Careers Service says knowing HTML, CSS and JavaScript is useful for building wireframes and prototypes.
How long should a design task take?
Ask the employer if they don't say. Show your thinking and the trade-offs, not just polished screens.
What does a UX/UI designer earn?
In the US, O*NET lists a 2025 median wage of $104,000 a year for web and digital interface designers. Pay varies by country and level.
Sources
Written by Seal the Offer from these pages, last checked on . Rules change, so check the employer's own page and the job ad before you apply.